-
Recent Posts
Archives
- March 2023
- January 2023
- May 2020
- April 2020
- March 2020
- June 2018
- July 2016
- June 2016
- May 2016
- March 2015
- February 2015
- January 2015
- December 2014
- December 2013
- November 2013
- July 2013
- June 2013
- May 2013
- March 2013
- February 2013
- January 2013
- December 2012
- November 2012
- October 2012
- September 2012
- August 2012
- April 2012
- March 2012
- February 2012
- January 2012
- December 2011
- November 2011
- October 2011
Categories
Meta
Pages
Tag Archives: product topology
Topology: Connected Spaces
Let X be a topological space. Recall that if U is a clopen (i.e. open and closed) subset of X, then X is the topological disjoint union of U and X–U. Hence, if we assume X cannot be decomposed any further, there’re no non-trivial clopen subsets of X. … Continue reading
Topology: Product Spaces (II)
The Box Topology Following an earlier article on products of two topological spaces, we’ll now talk about a product of possibly infinitely many topological spaces. Suppose is a collection of topological spaces indexed by I, and we wish to define … Continue reading
Topology: Interior
Let Y be a subset of a topological space X. In the previous article, we defined the closure of Y as the smallest closed subset of X containing Y. Dually, we shall now define the interior of Y to be the largest open subset contained in … Continue reading
Posted in Notes
Tagged advanced, boundaries, closures, interiors, product topology, subspaces, topology
2 Comments
Topology: Closure
Suppose Y is a subset of a topological space X. We define cl(Y) to be the “smallest” closed subset containing Y. Its formal definition is as follows. Let Σ be the collection of all closed subsets containing Y. Note that , so Σ is not empty. … Continue reading
Posted in Notes
Tagged advanced, closed balls, closed subsets, closures, open balls, points of accumulation, product topology, topology
Leave a comment
Topology: Cauchy Sequences and Uniform Continuity
[ Updated on 8 Mar 13 to include Cauchy-continuity and added answers to exercises. ] We wish to generalise the concept of Cauchy sequences to metric spaces. Recall that on an intuitive level, a Cauchy sequence is one where the … Continue reading
Posted in Notes
Tagged advanced, cauchy sequences, cauchy-continuity, metric spaces, product topology, topology, uniform continuity
Leave a comment
Topology: Continuous Maps
Continuity in Metric Spaces Following the case of real analysis, let’s define continuous functions via the usual ε-δ definition. Definition. Let (X, d) and (Y, d’) be two metric spaces. A function f : X → Y is said to be … Continue reading
Posted in Notes
Tagged advanced, continuity, disjoint union topology, homeomorphism, metric spaces, product topology, subspaces, topology
Leave a comment
Topology: Disjoint Unions
Disjoint Unions Let X and Y be topological spaces and be a set-theoretic disjoint union. We wish to define a topology on Z in a most natural way. Definition. The topology on is defined to be: It’s almost trivial to check that this … Continue reading
Posted in Notes
Tagged advanced, bases, connected spaces, disjoint union topology, metrisable topology, product topology, sub-bases, topology
Leave a comment
Topology: Product Spaces (I)
In this article, we consider the product of two topological spaces. To motivate our definition, we first begin with metric spaces (X, dX) and (Y, dY). Letting Z = X × Y be the set-theoretic product, we wish to define a metric on Z from dX and … Continue reading
Posted in Notes
Tagged advanced, metric spaces, product topology, subspaces, topology, torus
Leave a comment
Mathematics and Such 